The Countess Russell
 
  This is the story of the last Voyage of the Countess Russell, a 965 ton wooden carvel vessel built in Quebec, Canada, in 1861. The ship was named for Lady Frances Russell, grandmother of the famous Bertrand Russell and the wife of a former British Prime Minister.  
 
         
 
The ships Bell of the Countess Russell on display at the museum
 
Courtesy John Oxley Library, image is copyright free
Contempary drawing of the Countess Russell
 
The Countess Russell, carrying 348 migrants, departed London on 27 February 1873 for Gravesend where livestock were taken aboard. She sailed from Gravesend bound for Australia on the first of March and already there had been one death on board - a six week old child.  At the start of the voyage the ship encountered atrocious weather and took two weeks to travel from Gravesend to Lands End, including a period sheltering in Portland Bay, as the ship passed Lands End the ships band played the traditional 'Farewell to Old England'. 
 
This kind of weather was to prove to be the rule rather than the exception on the way to Australia and on several occasions the passengers had their bunks and possessions swamped by inrushing seawater. Weather conditions ranged through the chill of 'The Old Dart' and the heat of the equatorial zones to the freezing mid-winter cold of the Southern Ocean and there was no air conditioning or heating of course.
 
By the time the ship dropped anchor in Keppel Bay on 29 June 1873, after a journey of 158 days, there had already been 17 deaths and 6 births on board. The deaths comprised 6 adults and 11 children, two, sadly, from among the 6 births, one of the adults was a young man lost overboard and another was a 15 year old Irish youth who had been suffering from a fever for several weeks. The ship's Doctor gave the boy's father some carbolic acid to place under the boy's bed to make it smell sweeter, tragically, the father misunderstood the Doctor's instructions and gave the boy the acid to drink - killing him!
 
A further ordeal awaited the immigrants for while the ship was at anchor in Keppel Bay an outbreak of typhoid occurred on board and the passengers and crew were quarantined on Curtis Island for 21 days, during this period there were 5 more adult and 3 more child deaths, bringing the total for the voyage to 25. Though this may seem alarming today it was not excessive for the period.
 
After discharging her passengers the Countess Russell sailed, in ballast, from Rockhampton to Newcastle, NSW, to load coal for Batavia in the Dutch East Indies. On 21 August 1873, during a gale she ran aground on Wreck Point off Deepwater National Park to the south of Round Hill Headland near the present Town of 1770 and was lost, however all the crew made it ashore and were picked up from a beach by the steamer Queensland and taken to Gladstone.
 
The ship's bell was recovered and went first to Rockhampton Central Girl's School then the South Rockhampton Opportunity School, when that school closed the principal donated the bell to the Emu Park Historical Museum where it is now on permanent display.
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
         
     
 
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Countess Russell

Built: 1861
St Charles River, Quebec

Port Registered: London

Length:52.12 metres

Beam: 10.36 metres

Draft:6.4 metres

Date of sinking:21/08/1873

Position of wreck:
Latitude: 24°30S Longitude: 151°30 E

Details:
On 21 August 1873 Countess Russell, while on voyage from Rockhampton to Newcastle in ballast, ran aground during a gale and was lost off Wreck Rocks near Bustard Head, all the crew were rescued from a beach by the steamer 'Queensland' and taken to Gladstone
Notes taken from
'Australian Shipwrecks'