These are endemic to Australia and are found from north Queensland to the North West Slopes of NSW, extending down to the Liverpool Plains and Dubbo. Because of clearing and fragmentation of their grassy woodland habitat for agriculture and development, and predation by feral cats and foxes, their numbers have fallen dramatically. They are now listed as a vulnerable species in Queensland, and as endangered in NSW where they are very rare. They are called ‘Squatter Pigeon’ because they squat down when approached or when they feel threatened.
They live in grassy woodlands and plains, preferring sandy areas and usually close to water. The photo was taken at Hedlow Fauna Reserve where I sometimes see them.
They feed on the ground in pairs or small groups among sparse and low grass foraging for the seeds of grasses, herbs and shrubs, as well as insects.
The sexes are similar and they breed all year round in response to sustained rainfall and food availability. They are known to nest in shallow depressions on the ground, among, or sheltered by, grass tussocks, shrubs or fallen logs.